Alpha-amylase for textile industries

1. Desizing Process:

Function: In textile manufacturing, starch or starch-based compounds are often applied to fabrics during the weaving process to provide stiffness and improve strength. However, these sizing agents need to be removed before further dyeing or finishing processes, as they can interfere with color uptake or fabric feel.

Role of Alpha Amylase: Alpha amylase helps break down the starch into smaller, soluble sugar molecules (such as maltose), making it easy to wash away. It specifically targets the starch polymers and breaks them down without damaging the fabric.

2. Eco-Friendly Alternative:

Traditional desizing methods often rely on chemicals like acids or harsh alkalis. Alpha amylase is a more environmentally friendly solution because it works under mild conditions (neutral to slightly alkaline pH) and reduces the need for harmful chemicals.

It is biodegradable and safer for workers compared to some conventional desizing agents.

3. Advantages of Using Alpha Amylase:

Mild Operating Conditions: It works effectively at lower temperatures (30–60°C), reducing energy consumption.

Reduced Environmental Impact: As a natural enzyme, it minimizes the impact of wastewater compared to chemical processes.

Cost-Effective: Using alpha amylase can lower the overall cost of the desizing process by reducing energy and chemical usage.

Improved Fabric Quality: Since it is a gentle process, alpha amylase ensures minimal damage to the fabric fibers, leading to better texture and color uptake.

4. Other Applications in the Textile Industry:

Bio-polishing: Alpha amylase can also be used in bio-polishing to improve the surface quality of fabrics, removing loose fibers and giving a smooth finish.

Denim Manufacturing: In denim production, alpha amylase helps with the stone-washing effect by assisting in the breakdown of starch, making denim softer and enhancing its visual appearance.

5. Types of Alpha Amylase Used:

Thermostable Alpha Amylases: These are used in high-temperature processes like denim finishing and are resistant to heat, ensuring they remain active in harsher conditions.

Acidic and Neutral Alpha Amylases: Depending on the pH level of the textile process, specific amylases are chosen to perform optimally at that pH.